概述
如果指定的属性存在于指定的对象中,则 in 运算符会返回 true。
语法
prop in objectName
参数
prop- 一个字符串类型或者symbol类型的属性名或者数组索引(非symbol将会强制转为字符串)。
objectName- 对象名。
描述
下面的例子演示了一些 in 运算符的用法。
// 数组
var trees = new Array("redwood", "bay", "cedar", "oak", "maple");
0 in trees // 返回true
3 in trees // 返回true
6 in trees // 返回false
"bay" in trees // 返回false (必须使用索引号,而不是数组元素的值)
"length" in trees // 返回true (length是一个数组属性)
Symbol.iterator in trees // 返回true (数组可迭代,只在ES2015+上有效)
// 内置对象
"PI" in Math // 返回true
// 自定义对象
var mycar = {make: "Honda", model: "Accord", year: 1998};
"make" in mycar // 返回true
"model" in mycar // 返回true
in右操作数必须是一个对象值。比如,可以是一个String包装对象,但不能是一个字符串原始值。
var color1 = new String("green");
"length" in color1 // 返回true
var color2 = "coral";
"length" in color2 // 报错(color2不是对象)
使用delete运算符和将属性赋值为undefined
如果你使用 delete 运算符删除了一个属性,则 in 运算符对所删除属性返回 false。
var mycar = {make: "Honda", model: "Accord", year: 1998};
delete mycar.make;
"make" in mycar; // 返回false
var trees = new Array("redwood", "bay", "cedar", "oak", "maple");
delete trees[3];
3 in trees; // 返回false
如果你只是将一个属性的值赋值为 undefined,而没有用 delete 删除它,则 in 运算仍然会返回true。
var mycar = {make: "Honda", model: "Accord", year: 1998};
mycar.make = undefined;
"make" in mycar; // 返回true
var trees = new Array("redwood", "bay", "cedar", "oak", "maple");
trees[3] = undefined;
3 in trees; // 返回true
继承属性
如果一个属性是从原型链上继承来的,in 运算符也会返回 true。
"toString" in {}; // 返回true
规范
| 规范 | 状态 | 备注 |
| ECMAScript Latest Draft (ECMA-262) Relational Operators |
Draft | |
| ECMAScript 2015 (6th Edition, ECMA-262) Relational Operators |
Standard | |
| ECMAScript 5.1 (ECMA-262) The in Operator |
Standard | |
| ECMAScript 3rd Edition (ECMA-262) The in Operator |
Standard | Initial definition. Implemented in JavaScript 1.4. |
浏览器兼容性
| Feature | Chrome | Firefox (Gecko) | Edge | Internet Explorer | Opera | Safari |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Basic support | (Yes) | (Yes) | (Yes) | (Yes) | (Yes) | (Yes) |
| Feature | Android | Chrome for Android | Firefox Mobile (Gecko) | IE Mobile | Opera Mobile | Safari Mobile |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Basic support | (Yes) | (Yes) | (Yes) | (Yes) | (Yes) | (Yes) |