Window

window 对象表示一个包含DOM文档的窗口，其 document 属性指向窗口中载入的 DOM文档 。使用 document.defaultView 属性可以获取指定文档所在窗口。

本节为 DOM window 对象中可用的所有方法、属性和事件提供简要参考。window 对象实现了 Window 接口，此接口继承自 AbstractView 接口。一些额外的全局函数、命名空间、对象、接口和构造函数与 window 没有典型的关联，但却是有效的，它们在  JavaScript参考 和 DOM参考 中列出。

在标签浏览器（比如Firefox）中，每个标签具有自己的 window 对象（如果你在开发扩展，浏览器窗口也是一个独立的 window ，详情参见 Working with windows in chrome code）。也就是说，同一个窗口的标签之间不会共享一个 window 对象。有一些方法，如 window.resizeTo 和 window.resizeBy 之类的方法会作用于整个窗口而不是 window 对象所属的那个标签。一般而言，如果无法恰当地作用于标签，则会将其作用于窗口。

属性

这个接口从 EventTarget 接口继承属性，通过 WindowTimers 、WindowBase64 和 WindowEventHandlers 实现属性。

注意，对象类型的属性（例如：覆盖内建元素的原型）列表于以下单独的小节中。

Window.applicationCache  只读

OfflineResourceList 对象提供对窗口的离线资源的访问。
Window.closed 只读
这个属性指示当前窗口是否关闭。
Window.Components
此入口指向一些 XPCOM 特性。有些属性（例如 classes ）仅可用于较高特权的代码。Web代码不应该使用此属性。
Window.console 只读
返回console对象的引用，该对象提供了对浏览器调试控制台的访问。
Window.content and Window._content 只读
返回当前window的content元素的引用。通过带下划线的过时变种方法不再可以获得 Web content。
Window.controllers 只读
返回当前chrome window的XUL控制器对象。
Window.crypto 只读
返回浏览器crypto对象。
Window.defaultStatus 已废弃 Gecko 23
获取或设置指定窗口的状态栏文本。
Window.devicePixelRatio 只读
返回当前显示器的物理像素和设备独立像素的比例。
Window.dialogArguments 只读
获取在调用 window.showModalDialog() 时传递给窗口的参数（如果它是一个对话框）。这是一个nsIArray。
Window.directories
window.personalbar 的另一种形式。
Window.document 只读
返回对当前窗口所包含文档的引用。
Window.frameElement 只读
返回嵌入窗口的元素，如果未嵌入窗口，则返回null。
Window.frames 只读
返回当前窗口中所有子窗体的数组。
Window.fullScreen
此属性表示窗口是否以全屏显示。
window.globalStorage 已废弃 Gecko 13
Unsupported since Gecko 13 (Firefox 13). Use Window.localStorage instead.
Was: Multiple storage objects that are used for storing data across multiple pages.
Window.history 只读
返回history对象的引用.
Window.innerHeight
获得浏览器窗口的内容区域的高度,包含水平滚动条(如果有的话).
window.innerWidth
获得浏览器窗口的内容区域的宽度,包含垂直滚动条(如果有的话).
Window.length 只读
Returns the number of frames in the window. See also window.frames.
Window.location 只读
获取、设置window对象的location, 或者当前的 URL.
Window.locationbar 只读
Returns the locationbar object, whose visibility can be toggled in the window.
Window.localStorage 只读
Returns a reference to the local storage object used to store data that may only be accessed by the origin that created it.
Window.menubar 只读
Returns the menubar object, whose visibility can be toggled in the window.
Window.messageManager
Returns the message manager object for this window.
Window.mozAnimationStartTime 只读
The time in milliseconds since epoch at which the current animation cycle began.
Window.mozInnerScreenX 只读
Returns the horizontal (X) coordinate of the top-left corner of the window's viewport, in screen coordinates. This value is reported in CSS pixels. See mozScreenPixelsPerCSSPixel in nsIDOMWindowUtils for a conversion factor to adapt to screen pixels if needed.
Window.mozInnerScreenY 只读
Returns the vertical (Y) coordinate of the top-left corner of the window's viewport, in screen coordinates. This value is reported in CSS pixels. See mozScreenPixelsPerCSSPixel for a conversion factor to adapt to screen pixels if needed.
Window.mozPaintCount 只读
Returns the number of times the current document has been rendered to the screen in this window. This can be used to compute rendering performance.
Window.name
Gets/sets the name of the window.
Window.navigator 只读
Returns a reference to the navigator object.
Window.opener
Returns a reference to the window that opened this current window.
Window.outerHeight 只读
Gets the height of the outside of the browser window.
Window.outerWidth 只读
Gets the width of the outside of the browser window.
Window.pageXOffset 只读
An alias for window.scrollX.
Window.pageYOffset只读
An alias for window.scrollY
Window.sessionStorage 只读
Returns a reference to the session storage object used to store data that may only be accessed by the origin that created it.
SpeechSynthesisGetter.speechSynthesis 只读
 
Window.parent 只读
Returns a reference to the parent of the current window or subframe.
Window.performance 只读
Provides a hosting area for performance related attributes.
Window.personalbar 只读
Returns the personalbar object, whose visibility can be toggled in the window.
Window.pkcs11 已废弃 Gecko 29
Formerly provided access to install and remove PKCS11 modules.
Window.returnValue
The return value to be returned to the function that called window.showModalDialog() to display the window as a modal dialog.
Window.screen 只读
Returns a reference to the screen object associated with the window.
Window.screenX 只读
Returns the horizontal distance of the left border of the user's browser from the left side of the screen.
Window.screenY 只读
Returns the vertical distance of the top border of the user's browser from the top side of the screen.
Window.scrollbars 只读
Returns the scrollbars object, whose visibility can be toggled in the window.
Window.scrollMaxX 只读
The maximum offset that the window can be scrolled to horizontally, that is the document width minus the viewport width.
Window.scrollMaxY 只读
The maximum offset that the window can be scrolled to vertically (i.e., the document height minus the viewport height).
Window.scrollX 只读
Returns the number of pixels that the document has already been scrolled horizontally.
Window.scrollY 只读
Returns the number of pixels that the document has already been scrolled vertically.
Window.self 只读
Returns an object reference to the window object itself.
Window.sessionStorage
Returns a storage object for storing data within a single page session.
Window.sidebar 只读
Returns a reference to the window object of the sidebar.
Window.status
Gets/sets the text in the statusbar at the bottom of the browser.
Window.statusbar 只读
Returns the statusbar object, whose visibility can be toggled in the window.
Window.toolbar 只读
Returns the toolbar object, whose visibility can be toggled in the window.
Window.top 只读
Returns a reference to the topmost window in the window hierarchy. This property is read only.
Window.window 只读
Returns a reference to the current window.
window[0], window[1], etc.
Returns a reference to the window object in the frames. See Window.frames for more details.

Methods

This interface inherits methods from the EventTarget interface and implements methods from WindowTimers, WindowBase64, and WindowEventHandlers.

EventTarget.addEventListener()
Register an event handler to a specific event type on the window.
Window.alert()
Displays an alert dialog.
WindowBase64.atob()
Decodes a string of data which has been encoded using base-64 encoding.
Window.back()
Moves back one in the window history.
Window.blur()
Sets focus away from the window.
WindowBase64.btoa()
Creates a base-64 encoded ASCII string from a string of binary data.
Window.captureEvents()
Registers the window to capture all events of the specified type.
Window.clearImmediate()
Cancels the repeated execution set using setImmediate.
WindowTimers.clearInterval()
Cancels the repeated execution set using WindowTimers.setInterval().
WindowTimers.clearTimeout()
Cancels the repeated execution set using WindowTimers.setTimeout().
Window.close()
Closes the current window.
Window.confirm()
Displays a dialog with a message that the user needs to respond to.
Window.disableExternalCapture() 已废弃 Gecko 24
FIXME: NeedsContents
Window.dispatchEvent()
Used to trigger an event.
Window.dump()
Writes a message to the console.
Window.enableExternalCapture() 已废弃 Gecko 24
FIXME: NeedsContents
Window.find()
Searches for a given string in a window.
Window.focus()
Sets focus on the current window.
Window.forward()
Moves the window one document forward in the history.
Window.getAttention()
Flashes the application icon.
Window.getAttentionWithCycleCount()
FIXME: NeedsContents
Window.getComputedStyle()
Gets computed style for the specified element. Computed style indicates the computed values of all CSS properties of the element.
Window.getDefaulComputedStyle()
Gets default computed style for the specified element, ignoring author stylesheets.
Window.getSelection()
Returns the selection object representing the selected item(s).
Window.home()
Returns the browser to the home page.
Window.matchMedia()
Returns a MediaQueryList object representing the specified media query string.
Window.maximize()
FIXME: NeedsContents
Window.minimize() (top-level XUL windows only)
Minimizes the window.
Window.moveBy()
Moves the current window by a specified amount.
Window.moveTo()
Moves the window to the specified coordinates.
Window.mozRequestAnimationFrame()
Tells the browser that an animation is in progress, requesting that the browser schedule a repaint of the window for the next animation frame. This will cause a MozBeforePaint event to fire before that repaint occurs.
Window.open()
Opens a new window.
Window.openDialog()
Opens a new dialog window.
Window.postMessage()
Provides a secure means for one window to send a string of data to another window, which need not be within the same domain as the first.
Window.print()
Opens the Print Dialog to print the current document.
Window.prompt()
Returns the text entered by the user in a prompt dialog.
Window.releaseEvents()
Releases the window from trapping events of a specific type.
Window.removeEventListener()
Removes an event listener from the window.
Window.resizeBy()
Resizes the current window by a certain amount.
Window.resizeTo()
Dynamically resizes window.
Window.restore()
FIXME: NeedsContents
Window.routeEvent() 已废弃 Gecko 24
FIXME: NeedsContents
Window.scroll()
Scrolls the window to a particular place in the document.
Window.scrollBy()
Scrolls the document in the window by the given amount.
Window.scrollByLines()
Scrolls the document by the given number of lines.
Window.scrollByPages()
Scrolls the current document by the specified number of pages.
Window.scrollTo()
Scrolls to a particular set of coordinates in the document.
Window.setCursor()
Changes the cursor for the current window
Window.setImmediate()
Executes a function after the browser has finished other heavy tasks
WindowTimers.setInterval()
Schedules the execution of a function each X milliseconds.
Window.setResizable
FIXME: NeedsContents
WindowTimers.setTimeout()
Sets a delay for executing a function.
Window.showModalDialog()
Displays a modal dialog.
Window.sizeToContent()
Sizes the window according to its content.
Window.stop()
This method stops window loading.
Window.updateCommands()
Updates the state of commands of the current chrome window (UI).

事件处理函数

已批准的 English (US) 版本:

 
 

The window object represents a window containing a DOM document; the document property points to the DOM document loaded in that window. A window for a given document can be obtained using the document.defaultView property.

This section provides a brief reference for all of the methods, properties, and events available through the DOM window object. The window object implements the Window interface, which in turn inherits from the AbstractView interface. Some additional global functions, namespaces objects, interfaces, and constructors, not typically associated with the window, but available on it, are listed in the JavaScript Reference and DOM Reference.

In a tabbed browser, such as Firefox, each tab contains its own window object (and if you're writing an extension, the browser window itself is a separate window too - see Working with windows in chrome code for more information). That is, the window object is not shared between tabs in the same window. Some methods, namely window.resizeTo and window.resizeBy apply to the whole window and not to the specific tab the window object belongs to. Generally, anything that can't reasonably pertain to a tab pertains to the window instead.

Properties

This interface inherits properties from the EventTarget interface and implements properties from WindowTimers, WindowBase64, and WindowEventHandlers.

Note that properties which are objects (e.g.,. for overriding the prototype of built-in elements) are listed in a separate section below.

Window.applicationCache  只读
An OfflineResourceList object providing access to the offline resources for the window.
Window.closed 只读
This property indicates whether the current window is closed or not.
Window.Components
The entry point to many XPCOM features. Some properties, e.g. classes, are only available to sufficiently privileged code. Web code should not use this property.
Window.console 只读
Returns a reference to the console object providing access to the browser's debugging console.
Window.content and Window._content 只读
Returns a reference to the content element in the current window. The obsolete variant with underscore is no longer available from Web content.
Window.controllers 只读
Returns the XUL controller objects for the current chrome window.
Window.crypto 只读
Returns the browser crypto object.
Window.defaultStatus 已废弃 Gecko 23
Gets/sets the status bar text for the given window.
Window.devicePixelRatio 只读
Returns the ratio between physical pixels and device independent pixels in the current display.
Window.dialogArguments 只读
Gets the arguments passed to the window (if it's a dialog box) at the time window.showModalDialog() was called. This is an nsIArray.
Window.directories
Synonym of window.personalbar
Window.document 只读
Returns a reference to the document that the window contains.
Window.frameElement 只读
Returns the element in which the window is embedded, or null if the window is not embedded.
Window.frames 只读
Returns an array of the subframes in the current window.
Window.fullScreen
This property indicates whether the window is displayed in full screen or not.
window.globalStorage 已废弃 Gecko 13
Unsupported since Gecko 13 (Firefox 13). Use Window.localStorage instead.
Was: Multiple storage objects that are used for storing data across multiple pages.
Window.history 只读
Returns a reference to the history object.
Window.innerHeight
Gets the height of the content area of the browser window including, if rendered, the horizontal scrollbar.
window.innerWidth
Gets the width of the content area of the browser window including, if rendered, the vertical scrollbar.
Window.length 只读
Returns the number of frames in the window. See also window.frames.
Window.location 只读
Gets/sets the location, or current URL, of the window object.
Window.locationbar 只读
Returns the locationbar object, whose visibility can be toggled in the window.
Window.localStorage 只读
Returns a reference to the local storage object used to store data that may only be accessed by the origin that created it.
Window.menubar 只读
Returns the menubar object, whose visibility can be toggled in the window.
Window.messageManager
Returns the message manager object for this window.
Window.mozAnimationStartTime 只读
The time in milliseconds since epoch at which the current animation cycle began.
Window.mozInnerScreenX 只读
Returns the horizontal (X) coordinate of the top-left corner of the window's viewport, in screen coordinates. This value is reported in CSS pixels. See mozScreenPixelsPerCSSPixel in nsIDOMWindowUtils for a conversion factor to adapt to screen pixels if needed.
Window.mozInnerScreenY 只读
Returns the vertical (Y) coordinate of the top-left corner of the window's viewport, in screen coordinates. This value is reported in CSS pixels. See mozScreenPixelsPerCSSPixel for a conversion factor to adapt to screen pixels if needed.
Window.mozPaintCount 只读
Returns the number of times the current document has been rendered to the screen in this window. This can be used to compute rendering performance.
Window.name
Gets/sets the name of the window.
Window.navigator 只读
Returns a reference to the navigator object.
Window.opener
Returns a reference to the window that opened this current window.
Window.outerHeight 只读
Gets the height of the outside of the browser window.
Window.outerWidth 只读
Gets the width of the outside of the browser window.
Window.pageXOffset 只读
An alias for window.scrollX.
Window.pageYOffset只读
An alias for window.scrollY
Window.sessionStorage 只读
Returns a reference to the session storage object used to store data that may only be accessed by the origin that created it.
SpeechSynthesisGetter.speechSynthesis 只读
 
Window.parent 只读
Returns a reference to the parent of the current window or subframe.
Window.performance 只读
Provides a hosting area for performance related attributes.
Window.personalbar 只读
Returns the personalbar object, whose visibility can be toggled in the window.
Window.pkcs11 已废弃 Gecko 29
Formerly provided access to install and remove PKCS11 modules.
Window.returnValue
The return value to be returned to the function that called window.showModalDialog() to display the window as a modal dialog.
Window.screen 只读
Returns a reference to the screen object associated with the window.
Window.screenX 只读
Returns the horizontal distance of the left border of the user's browser from the left side of the screen.
Window.screenY 只读
Returns the vertical distance of the top border of the user's browser from the top side of the screen.
Window.scrollbars 只读
Returns the scrollbars object, whose visibility can be toggled in the window.
Window.scrollMaxX 只读
The maximum offset that the window can be scrolled to horizontally, that is the document width minus the viewport width.
Window.scrollMaxY 只读
The maximum offset that the window can be scrolled to vertically (i.e., the document height minus the viewport height).
Window.scrollX 只读
Returns the number of pixels that the document has already been scrolled horizontally.
Window.scrollY 只读
Returns the number of pixels that the document has already been scrolled vertically.
Window.self 只读
Returns an object reference to the window object itself.
Window.sessionStorage
Returns a storage object for storing data within a single page session.
Window.sidebar 只读
Returns a reference to the window object of the sidebar.
Window.status
Gets/sets the text in the statusbar at the bottom of the browser.
Window.statusbar 只读
Returns the statusbar object, whose visibility can be toggled in the window.
Window.toolbar 只读
Returns the toolbar object, whose visibility can be toggled in the window.
Window.top 只读
Returns a reference to the topmost window in the window hierarchy. This property is read only.
Window.window 只读
Returns a reference to the current window.
window[0], window[1], etc.
Returns a reference to the window object in the frames. See Window.frames for more details.

 

Constructors

See also the DOM Interfaces.

Window.DOMParser FIXME: NeedsContents Window.GeckoActiveXObject FIXME: NeedsContents Image Used for creating an HTMLImageElement. Option Used for creating an HTMLOptionElement Window.QueryInterface FIXME: NeedsContents Window.XMLSerializer FIXME: NeedsContents Worker Used for creating a Web worker Window.XPCNativeWrapper FIXME: NeedsContents Window.XPCSafeJSObjectWrapper FIXME: NeedsContents

Event handlers

These are properties of the window object that can be set to establish event handlers for the various things that can happen in the window that might be of interest.

This interface inherits event handlers from the EventTarget interface and implements event handlers from WindowTimers, WindowBase64, and WindowEventHandlers.

Note: Starting in Gecko 9.0, you can now use the syntax if ("onabort" in window) to determine whether or not a given event handler property exists. This is because event handler interfaces have been updated to be proper web IDL interfaces. See DOM event handlers for details.

GlobalEventHandlers.onabort An event handler property for abort events on the window. WindowEventHandlers.onbeforeunload An event handler property for before-unload events on the window. GlobalEventHandlers.onblur An event handler property for blur events on the window. GlobalEventHandlers.onchange An event handler property for change events on the window. GlobalEventHandlers.onclick An event handler property for click events on the window. GlobalEventHandlers.onclose An event handler property for handling the window close event. GlobalEventHandlers.oncontextmenu An event handler property for right-click events on the window. Window.ondevicelight An event handler property for any ambient light levels changes Window.ondevicemotion FIXME: NeedsContents Window.ondeviceorientation An event handler property for any device orientation changes Window.ondeviceproximity An event handler property for device proximity event GlobalEventHandlers.onerror An event handler property for error events raised on the window. GlobalEventHandlers.onfocus An event handler property for focus events on the window. WindowEventHandlers.onhashchange An event handler property for hash change events on the window; called when the part of the URL after the hash mark ("#") changes. GlobalEventHandlers.onkeydown An event handler property for keydown events on the window. GlobalEventHandlers.onkeypress An event handler property for keypress events on the window. GlobalEventHandlers.onkeyup An event handler property for keyup events on the window. WindowEventHandlers.onlanguagechange An event handler property for languagechange events on the window. GlobalEventHandlers.onload An event handler property for window loading. GlobalEventHandlers.onmousedown An event handler property for mousedown events on the window. GlobalEventHandlers.onmousemove An event handler property for mousemove events on the window. GlobalEventHandlers.onmouseout An event handler property for mouseout events on the window. GlobalEventHandlers.onmouseover An event handler property for mouseover events on the window. GlobalEventHandlers.onmouseup An event handler property for mouseup events on the window. Window.onmozbeforepaint An event handler property for the MozBeforePaint event, which is sent before repainting the window if the event has been requested by a call to the Window.mozRequestAnimationFrame() method. WindowEventHandlers.onpageshow An event handler property for pageshow events on the window. WindowEventHandlers.onpagehide An event handler property for pagehide events on the window. Window.onpaint An event handler property for paint events on the window. WindowEventHandlers.onpopstate An event handler property for popstate events, which are fired when navigating to a session history entry representing a state object. GlobalEventHandlers.onreset An event handler property for reset events on the window. GlobalEventHandlers.onresize An event handler property for window resizing. GlobalEventHandlers.onscroll An event handler property for window scrolling. GlobalEventHandlers.onselect An event handler property for window selection. GlobalEventHandlers.onsubmit An event handler property for submits on window forms. Window.onunload An event handler property for unload events on the window. Window.onuserproximity An event handler property for user proximity events

Methods

This interface inherits methods from the EventTarget interface and implements methods from WindowTimers, WindowBase64, and WindowEventHandlers.

EventTarget.addEventListener() Register an event handler to a specific event type on the window. Window.alert() Displays an alert dialog. WindowBase64.atob() Decodes a string of data which has been encoded using base-64 encoding. Window.back() Moves back one in the window history. Window.blur() Sets focus away from the window. WindowBase64.btoa() Creates a base-64 encoded ASCII string from a string of binary data. Window.captureEvents() Registers the window to capture all events of the specified type. Window.clearImmediate() Cancels the repeated execution set using setImmediate. WindowTimers.clearInterval() Cancels the repeated execution set using WindowTimers.setInterval(). WindowTimers.clearTimeout() Cancels the repeated execution set using WindowTimers.setTimeout(). Window.close() Closes the current window. Window.confirm() Displays a dialog with a message that the user needs to respond to. Window.disableExternalCapture() 已废弃 Gecko 24 FIXME: NeedsContents Window.dispatchEvent() Used to trigger an event. Window.dump() Writes a message to the console. Window.enableExternalCapture() 已废弃 Gecko 24 FIXME: NeedsContents Window.find() Searches for a given string in a window. Window.focus() Sets focus on the current window. Window.forward() Moves the window one document forward in the history. Window.getAttention() Flashes the application icon. Window.getAttentionWithCycleCount() FIXME: NeedsContents Window.getComputedStyle() Gets computed style for the specified element. Computed style indicates the computed values of all CSS properties of the element. Window.getDefaulComputedStyle() Gets default computed style for the specified element, ignoring author stylesheets. Window.getSelection() Returns the selection object representing the selected item(s). Window.home() Returns the browser to the home page. Window.matchMedia() Returns a MediaQueryList object representing the specified media query string. Window.maximize() FIXME: NeedsContents Window.minimize() (top-level XUL windows only) Minimizes the window. Window.moveBy() Moves the current window by a specified amount. Window.moveTo() Moves the window to the specified coordinates. Window.mozRequestAnimationFrame() Tells the browser that an animation is in progress, requesting that the browser schedule a repaint of the window for the next animation frame. This will cause a MozBeforePaint event to fire before that repaint occurs. Window.open() Opens a new window. Window.openDialog() Opens a new dialog window. Window.postMessage() Provides a secure means for one window to send a string of data to another window, which need not be within the same domain as the first. Window.print() Opens the Print Dialog to print the current document. Window.prompt() Returns the text entered by the user in a prompt dialog. Window.releaseEvents() Releases the window from trapping events of a specific type. Window.removeEventListener() Removes an event listener from the window. Window.resizeBy() Resizes the current window by a certain amount. Window.resizeTo() Dynamically resizes window. Window.restore() FIXME: NeedsContents Window.routeEvent() 已废弃 Gecko 24 FIXME: NeedsContents Window.scroll() Scrolls the window to a particular place in the document. Window.scrollBy() Scrolls the document in the window by the given amount. Window.scrollByLines() Scrolls the document by the given number of lines. Window.scrollByPages() Scrolls the current document by the specified number of pages. Window.scrollTo() Scrolls to a particular set of coordinates in the document. Window.setCursor() Changes the cursor for the current window Window.setImmediate() Executes a function after the browser has finished other heavy tasks WindowTimers.setInterval() Schedules the execution of a function each X milliseconds. Window.setResizable FIXME: NeedsContents WindowTimers.setTimeout() Sets a delay for executing a function. Window.showModalDialog() Displays a modal dialog. Window.sizeToContent() Sizes the window according to its content. Window.stop() This method stops window loading. Window.updateCommands() Updates the state of commands of the current chrome window (UI).

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